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This is a timeline of women in science in the United States. * 1848: Maria Mitchell became the first woman elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; she had discovered a new comet the year before.〔(Women, Science, and Technology: A Reader in Feminist Science Studies - Google Books )〕 * 1894: Florence Bascom became the first female fellow of the Geological Society of America. * 1912: Henrietta Swan Leavitt studied the bright-dim cycle periods of Cepheid stars, then found a way to calculate the distance from such stars to Earth.〔(Lemelson-MIT Program )〕 * 1925: Florence Sabin became the first woman elected to the National Academy of Science. * 1928: Alice Evans became the first woman elected president of the Society of American Bacteriologists.〔 * 1936: Edith Patch became the first female president of the Entomological Society of America. * 1940s: Barbara McClintock discovered genetic transposition.〔(ISSUU - BioNoticias by Biblioteca Biología )〕 * 1950: Esther Lederberg was the first to isolate lambda bacteriophage, a DNA virus, from ''Escherichia coli'' K-12.〔"Lederberg, E. M., 1950, "Lysogenicity in Escherichia coli strain K-12", Microbial Genetics Bulletin, 1, pp. 5-9, Jan. 1950, Univ. of Wisconsin (Evelyn Maisel Witkin, Editor), Ohio State University, ISSN: 0026-2579, call No. 33-M-4, OCLC: 04079516, Accession Number: AEH8282UW" http://www.estherlederberg.com/Censorship/LambdaW.html〕 * 1952: Grace Hopper completed what is considered to be the first compiler, a program that allows a computer user to use English-like words instead of numbers. It was known as the A-0 compiler.〔(Computer History Museum | Timeline of Computer History : Year 1952 Entries )〕 * 1963: Maria Goeppert Mayer became the first American woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics; she shared the prize with Eugene Paul Wigner and J. Hans D. Jensen. She was born in Poland, but became a U.S. citizen in 1933.〔 * 1975: Chien-Shiung Wu, born in China, became the first female president of the American Physical Society. * 1976: Margaret Burbidge, born in England, was named as the first female president of the American Astronomical Society.〔(The Bruce Medalists: Margaret Burbidge )〕 * 1978: Anna Jane Harrison became the first female president of the American Chemical Society. * 1984: Carol W. Greider and Elizabeth Blackburn (Blackburn was born in Australia) discovered telomerase, an enzyme that maintains telomeres, or chromosome ends.〔(Dr. Carol W. Greider, Maryland Women's Hall of Fame )〕〔(Elizabeth Blackburn Biography - Academy of Achievement )〕 * 1992: Edith M. Flanigen became the first woman awarded the Perkin Medal (widely considered the highest honor in American industrial chemistry) for her outstanding achievements in applied chemistry. 〔http://www.soci.org/Awards/America-Group-Awards/Perkin-Medal〕 〔http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cen-v070n010.p025〕 The medal especially recognized her syntheses of aluminophosphate and silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves as new classes of materials. 〔http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cen-v070n010.p025〕 * 2012: Clara Lazen, then a fifth grader, discovered the molecule tetranitratoxycarbon.〔(Professor Publishes 10-year-old’s New Molecule - Humboldt State Now )〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timeline of women in science in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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